3 min
Nov 28, 2025·Systems·ESSAY

Designing Systems, Not Screens

Why modern interfaces fail when engineering lacks intent.

Designing Systems, Not Screens

When we treat design as a surface-level problem, we solve for the wrong thing. Most teams build screens. A handful build systems.

The Problem With Screen Thinking

Screen thinking is reactive. It responds to immediate needs:

  • "We need a login page."
  • "Add a modal for settings."
  • "Make it responsive."
  • Each decision is isolated. Each component exists in its own context. Nothing compounds. Nothing scales.

    Systems Thinking

    Systems thinking asks different questions:

  • What patterns repeat?
  • What constraints create consistency?
  • How do pieces compose?
  • A design system isn't a component library. It's a set of rules that eliminate decisions.

    Engineering Intent

    Intent means designing for second-order effects:

  • Components that compose predictably
  • Constraints that enable speed
  • Abstractions that reduce complexity
  • Most design systems fail because they codify screens, not principles.

    The Real Work

    The hardest part isn't building components. It's deciding what *not* to build. It's choosing constraints that feel restrictive but enable scale.

    Systems thinking is slow upfront. But it's the only thing that lasts.